Osteoporosis ndi matenda a okalamba.Pakalipano, China ndi dziko lomwe lili ndi chiwerengero chachikulu cha odwala matenda osteoporosis padziko lonse lapansi.Osteoporosis ndi matenda ofala kwambiri pakati pa anthu azaka zapakati komanso okalamba.Malinga ndi deta yofunikira, chiwerengero cha odwala osteoporosis ku China ndi pafupifupi 70 miliyoni.Ndikupita patsogolo kwa anthu okalamba ku China, matenda a mafupa ayamba kukhala amodzi mwamavuto azaumoyo ku China.
01. Kodi Osteoporosis ndi chiyani?
Osteoporosis ndi matenda amtundu wa mafupa omwe kachulukidwe ka mafupa ndi mafupa amachepa chifukwa cha zifukwa zosiyanasiyana, fupa la microstructure limawonongeka, kuwonongeka kwa mafupa kumawonjezeka, ndipo fractures zimakhala zosavuta.Palibe zizindikiro zoonekeratu kumayambiriro kwa osteoporosis.Ndi kuwonjezereka kwa matenda a osteoporosis, padzakhala zizindikiro monga kupweteka kwa msana, hunchback, ndi kufupika.Kuthyoka ndi chizindikiro choopsa kwambiri cha osteoporosis.Pakati pawo, chiwerengero cha anthu omwe amafa chifukwa cha kuthyoka kwa m'chiuno mwa okalamba ndi okwera kwambiri.
02. Kuyeza kachulukidwe ka mafupa ndi maziko ofunikira kuti adziwe matenda a osteoporosis
Kachulukidwe ka mafupa a mafupa amatanthauza kuchuluka kwa fupa lomwe lili mu voliyumu (kuchuluka kwa voliyumu) kapena gawo lagawo (kachulukidwe m'dera), chomwe ndi chizindikiro chofunikira chaubwino wa mafupa, chimawonetsa kuchuluka kwa kufooka kwa mafupa, komanso maziko ofunikira pakulosera za kuopsa kwa mafupa. kusweka.Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) ndiye "golide woyezetsa" pakuwunika kachulukidwe ka mafupa.Imayesa mchere wam'mafupa wa oyesa pogwiritsa ntchito sikani yamakina, ndipo imatha kuyeza molondola kuchuluka kwa mafupa omwe atayika mwa odwala.maziko ofunika matenda.
03 Kodi T-score ndi Z-score pamayeso a mafupa amtundu wanji?
Zotsatira za kuwunika kwa kachulukidwe ka mafupa amawerengedwa poyerekeza ndi nkhokwe yanthawi zonse kuti apeze ma T ndi Z achibale.
Mtengo wa T: Mtengo wachibale wa mtengo woyezedwa ndi avareji ya achikulire omwe ndi amuna kapena akazi okhaokha (pa mulingo woyezera wa munthu wamkulu)
Z-score: Mtengo wachibale wamtengo woyezedwa ku mtengo wapakati wa anzawo omwe ali ndi amuna kapena akazi omwewo (kutengera miyeso ya ana).
Njira zodziwira mtengo wa T ndi:
| fupa labwinobwino | Mtengo wa T ≥ - 1 |
| Osteopenia | -2.5﹤T-mtengo﹤-1 |
| Osteoporosis | Mtengo wa T ≤ -2.5 |
| kwambiri osteoporosis | Mtengo wa T ≤ -2.5ndi fracture imodzi kapena zingapo |
Z-score diagnostic criteria ndi:
| fupa labwinobwino | Z-mtengo≧-1 |
| pang'ono osakwanira mafupa mphamvu | -1﹥Z-mtengo≥-1.5 |
| Kusakwanira kwa mafupa mphamvu | -1.5﹥Z-mtengo≥-2 |
| Kusakwanira kwa mafupa mphamvu | Z-mtengo<-2 |
04. Chiwerengero cha anthu omwe akulimbikitsidwa kuti afufuze kachulukidwe ka mafupa
Malinga ndi "Malangizo Othandizira Kuzindikira ndi Kuchiza Osteoporosis ku China" yoperekedwa ndi Nthambi ya Bone and Mineral Diseases ya Chinese Medical Association mu 2017, magulu otsatirawa akuyenera kuyesedwa koyambirira kwa mafupa:
1. Amayi azaka zopitilira 65 ndi amuna opitilira zaka 70, mosasamala kanthu za zowopsa zina za osteoporosis
2. Amayi osakwana zaka 65 ndi amuna osakwana zaka 70 ali ndi chiopsezo chimodzi kapena zingapo za osteoporosis
3. Akuluakulu ndi mbiri ya fragility fractures
4. Akuluakulu omwe ali ndi milingo yochepa ya mahomoni ogonana chifukwa cha zifukwa zosiyanasiyana
5. Amene ali ndi kusintha kwa mafupa mu filimu ya X-ray
6. Amene amalandira chithandizo cha matenda osteoporosis ndikuyang'anira machiritso
7. Omwe ali ndi mbiri yokhudzana ndi matenda a fupa kapena kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala omwe amakhudza mafupa
8. Mayankho abwino ku mayeso a IOF osteoporosis amphindi imodzi
9. Zotsatira za OSTA ≤ -1
Chizindikirochi ndi chochuluka, ndipo makamaka anthu opitirira zaka 40 ndi anthu omwe ali ndi chiopsezo akhoza kuyesedwa kuti aone ngati mafupa ali olimba.
05 Njira zodzitetezera pakuwunika kuchuluka kwa mafupa:
DXA ili ndi zabwino zake zokhala ndi ma radiation otsika, otetezeka komanso othamanga, komanso muyeso wolondola.Mlingo wake wa radiation ndiwotsika kwambiri.Kwa odwala omwe adakhalapo ndi radiography ya m'mimba mkati mwa sabata yapitayi, kufufuza kachulukidwe ka mafupa kuyenera kuchitidwa masiku angapo (kuposa masiku 7 ndi bwino);kwa odwala omwe ayesedwapo mankhwala a nyukiliya, ndi bwino kuti ayambe kuyezetsa kachulukidwe ka mafupa kaye kapena tsiku lotsatira Bwino;pamene wodwalayo sangathe kugona pamwamba kapena kupitirira kulemera kwa tebulo lofufuzira, fupa la fupa la thunthu silingayesedwe, koma fupa la fupa la mkono likhoza kuyesedwa.
06 Momwe mungapewere ndi kuchiza osteoporosis?
Ngati mwapeza kuti muli ndi osteopenia kapena osteoporosis, muyenera kuchitapo kanthu kuti muchiritse.Njira zopewera ndi kuchiza makamaka zikuphatikizapo kusintha kwa moyo, zakudya zowonjezera mafupa, ndi chithandizo chamankhwala.
Sinthani moyo wanu: limbitsani zakudya, zakudya zopatsa thanzi;dzuwa lokwanira;kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse;kusiya kusuta, kuchepetsa mowa;pewani kumwa khofi kwambiri;pewani kumwa kwambiri zakumwa za carbonated;
Thandizo la thanzi la mafupa: onetsetsani kuti tsiku ndi tsiku calcium imadya 1000mg, akazi opitirira zaka 50, amuna opitirira zaka 70, ayenera kuonjezera kudya kwa calcium mpaka 1200mg;vitamini D wokwanira amatha kuwonjezera kuyamwa kwa calcium m'mimba, kulimbikitsa mphamvu ya mafupa, kukhalabe ndi mphamvu ya minofu, Kupititsa patsogolo bwino komanso kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha kugwa.
07. Kupewa matenda osteoporosis, kuganizira zochita
Kwa osteoporosis, kupewa msanga komanso kuchitapo kanthu moyenera kungalepheretse kukalamba ndikutalikitsa moyo kumlingo wina.Kuyeza kachulukidwe ka mafupa ndikofunikira kwambiri pakuzindikira koyambirira kwa osteopenia ndi osteoporosis.Ndikoyenera kwa abwenzi achichepere ndi apakati kuti asamalire kachulukidwe ka mafupa awo, kumvetsetsa momwe mafupawo alili, komanso kupewa matenda a osteoporosis, kuyambira pakuyeza kuchuluka kwa mafupa.
No.1kupewa chachikulu osteoporosis
Kupewa kwakukulu kwa matenda osteoporosis kuyenera kuyambira ali mwana ndi unyamata.Samalani kudya zakudya zokhala ndi kashiamu wambiri, pitirizani kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, khalani padzuwa kwambiri, musasute kapena kumwa kwambiri, komanso kumwa khofi wochepa, tiyi wamphamvu ndi zakumwa za carbonated, kuti muchepetse chiopsezo cha osteoporosis momwe mungathere.Kwezani nsonga ya mafupa anu kuti ikhale yokwera kwambiri ndikusunga mafupa okwanira kuti mukhale ndi moyo wamtsogolo.
No.2Kupewa kwachiwiri kwa osteoporosis
Kupewa kwachiwiri kwa osteoporosis kumatanthawuza amayi azaka zapakati, makamaka amayi omwe ali ndi matenda a postmenopausal, panthawi yomwe kutayika kwa mafupa kumawonjezeka.Ndibwino kuti muyang'ane kachulukidwe ka mafupa zaka 1-2 zilizonse kuti mumvetsetse kusintha kwa kachulukidwe ka mafupa.Panthaŵi imodzimodziyo, kuonjezera kashiamu ndi vitamini D koyenera, kumamatira ku zizoloŵezi zabwino za moyo, monga kuchita maseŵera olimbitsa thupi nthaŵi zonse, kudya zakudya zopatsa thanzi, kusasuta fodya, ndi kumwa moŵa pang’ono kungateteze bwino kufooketsa mafupa.
No.3Kupewa kwapamwamba kwa osteoporosis
Kupewa kwapamwamba kwa osteoporosis nthawi zambiri kumakhala kupeza kuchepa kwa mafupa kapena kudwala matenda osteoporosis utatha ukalamba.Panthawiyi, tiyenera kupitiriza kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi moyenera, kupewa kugwa, komanso kupewa fractures.Panthawi imodzimodziyo, tiyenera kukhalabe owonjezera kashiamu ndi vitamini D , Kulimbitsa mankhwala a mankhwala kungathandize kupewa kutayika kwa fupa ndi kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha fractures, komanso ngakhale kusintha kachulukidwe ka mafupa.
Sikuchedwa kuyamba kuyang'ana thanzi la mafupa.
Pinyuan Ultrasound Bone Densitometer ndi DXA Bone Denstometry Tetezani Thanzi Lanu Lamafupa.
Nthawi yotumiza: Mar-17-2023